Obstructive group

Non-obstructive group

(%FEV₁ ≤ 70%, n = 22)

(%FEV₁ > 70%, n = 33)

Clinical factors

Total

COPD

Smoker

Non-smoker

(n = 55)

(C-group, n = 22)

(S-group, n = 10)

(N-group, n = 23)

Tiotropium

Tiotropium

Control

Age

Mean ± SD

69.1 ± 7.8

74.2 ± 4.9

68.8 ± 6.3

64.4 ± 7.9

range

47 - 84

66 - 84

58 - 79

47 - 77

Gender

Male

27

15

6

6

Female

28

7

4

17

Smoking history

Smoker

16

6

10

Non-smoker

39

16

23

COPD (GOLD stages)

0

21

6

15

1

21

9

4

8

2

13

13

Histology

Adenocarcinoma

42

16

5

21

Squamous cell carcinoma

12

6

5

1

Large cell carcinoma

1

1

Operative procedure

Lobectomy

53

22

8

23

Bilobectomy

2

2

Lobectomy site

Right side

33

14

6

13

Upper lobe

13

6

2

5

Upper-middle lobe

1

1

Middle lobe

3

3

Middle-lower lobe

1

1

Lower lobe

15

8

2

5

Left side

22

8

4

10

Upper lobe

14

5

2

7

Lower lobe

8

3

2

3

Pathological stage

IA

32

12

5

15

IB

9

4

2

3

IIA

IIB

4

2

1

1

IIIA

8

4

2

2

IIIB

1

1

IV

1

1